Rethinking diversification of agriculture in the Indian Punjab: an examination of strategy and mechanisms

Abstract

In the context of new questions being asked of agriculture globally like its environmental impact, livelihoods of those involved and new agribusiness orientation of the sector with corporate interests coming in, the issue of diversification of Punjab agriculture has come to the centre stage once again though it has been around for almost three decades by now. This paper reviews the logic of diversification, its rationalization in the state agricultural programmes and now policy (first agricultural policy of the state), mechanisms used and aspects neglected. It also examines the larger political economy context in which diversification is being attempted. Finally, the paper discusses the way forward in terms of reorientation of policy and institutions to move towards achieving more sustainable farm and rural sector livelihoods.