Impact of non pharmaceutical (demand side) and pharmaceutical (supply side) intervention on spread of Covid-19

Abstract

The pandemic of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which originated in Wuhan, China, has spread rapidly to different countries, with several cases registered globally. As of January 8, 2021, more than 10 million positive cases were reported in India, more than 22 million patients in the U.S., more than 3 million cases in the U.K., 2.2 million cases in Italy. With a population of more than 1.34 billion, countries like India would have trouble regulating the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus within its people, the world's second-largest population. Though countries like Italy, the U.K., and the U.S. have less population but would still have to deal with the rise in cases, the cold temperature is responsible for increased mortality of Covid patients (https://www.business-standard.com/article/current-affairs/does-covid-19-spread-more-easily-in-cold-temperatures-here-s-what-we-know-120103000166_1.html, n.d.). It has also been seen that countries like the U.S., U.K., Italy each have very high cases as well as increased mortality per million (U.S.: 69000, U.K.: 45000, Italy: 37000 confirmed cases per million, US:1154, U.K.: 1196; Italy: 1304 deaths per million) as compared to India with only 7900 cases per million and 108 deaths per million as of January 8, 2021. The development plan, dubbed the Sustainable Development Goals, approved by the United Nations General Assembly in 2015, calls for development that promotes safe lives and facilitates the well-being of citizens of all ages. A basic premise of the priorities is that health is a crucial contributor and beneficiary of sustainable development strategies. In both developed and emerging countries worldwide, the COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted public health policies. Governments around the world have also dedicated their public policy to prevent the pandemic.