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A Review on Bilevel Optimization: From Classical to Evolutionary Approaches and Applications
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2018)
Bilevel optimization is defined as a mathematical program, where an optimization problem contains another optimization problem as a constraint. These problems have received significant attention from the mathematical ...
An enhanced memetic algorithm for Single-Objective bilevel optimization problems
(MIT Press Journals, 2017)
Bilevel optimization, as the name reflects, deals with optimization at two interconnected hierarchical levels. The aim is to identify the optimum of an upper-level leader problem, subject to the optimality of a lower-level ...